What are the precautions for fixing, arranging and using the winch?

The winch is a light and small lifting equipment that can lift objects vertically, horizontally or diagonally. There are three types of winches: manual winches, electric winches and hydraulic winches.

At present, electric winches are mainly used. Due to their simple operation and large number of ropes, they are easy to move. They can be used as components in machinery such as lifting, road construction, and mine hoisting, or they can also be used alone.

Fixing of winch

The winch must be fixed with ground anchors to prevent slipping and tilting during operation. According to the magnitude of the force, the fixing methods of the winch can be divided into four types: bolt anchoring method, horizontal anchoring method, vertical pile anchoring method and ballast anchoring method.

The layout of the winch

The key points to note when laying out the winch (that is, the installation location) are as follows:

1. There must be smooth drainage around the installation location of the winch, and a work shed should be erected.

2. The winch should be installed in a position where the operator can clearly see the commander and the lifting or dragging objects. The horizontal distance from the winch to the installation position of the component should exceed the installation height of the component, that is, when the component is lifted to the installation position, the elevation angle of the operator's sight should be less than 45°.

3. A guide pulley needs to be installed directly in front of the winch. The distance between the guide pulley and the drum axis should be no less than 15 times the width of the drum, that is, the inclination angle should not be greater than 2°; the distance between the guide pulley and the drum axis should be greater than 20 times the width of the drum to avoid excessive wear of the wire rope and the groove edge of the guide pulley.

4. The winding direction of the wire rope in the drum should be perpendicular to the axis of the drum, and the verticality deviation is allowed to be 6°. This allows the wire rope loops to be arranged neatly and avoid diagonal winding and mutual misalignment.

Precautions for using winch

1. Before operation, the hoist must be firmly fixed to the ground, and the elastic coupling must not be loose. Check that safety devices, protective equipment, electrical circuits, zero or ground circuits, brakes, wire ropes, etc. all meet the requirements before use.

2. Protective covers should be installed for parts that use belts or open gears, and open pulleys cannot be used for guide pulleys.

3. For a winch with forward and reverse power, the rotation direction of the drum must be consistent with the direction shown on the operating switch.

4. The winch must have a good grounding or zero connection device, and the grounding resistance cannot exceed 10Ω. In the same power supply network, grounding and zeroing cannot be mixed with each other.

5. Before the official operation of the winch, it must be run dry, and the no-load forward and reverse rotation tests should be conducted about 5 times to check whether the operation is smooth and whether there are any abnormal sounds; whether the transmission and braking mechanism is flexible and reliable; each fastener and connection; whether the parts are loose; the lubrication should be good and there should be no oil leakage.

6. The selection of wire rope should comply with the original manufacturer's instructions. If the wire rope on the drum is fully released, no less than 3 turns of the wire rope should be left; the end of the wire rope should be firmly fixed; the distance from the outer periphery of the drum to the outermost wire rope should not be less than 1.5 times the diameter of the wire rope.

7. The wire rope should be firmly connected to the drum and cage and should not rub on the shelf or the ground. A crossing protection device should be installed when crossing the road.

8. There must be no obstacles or jamming within the range of motion of the winch brake lever.

9. The wire ropes on the drum should be arranged neatly. If there are overlaps or diagonal lines, the operation should be stopped and rearranged. It is strictly prohibited to step on the wire ropes with your feet and hands while rotating.

10. During the operation, no one is allowed to cross the working wire rope. After the material is lifted, the operator is not allowed to leave the hoist, and people under the material or cage are not allowed to stay or pass. Materials or cages should fall to the ground during rest.

11. When abnormal noises, insensitive braking, sharp rise in temperature of brake belts or bearings, etc. are found during operation, the operation should be stopped immediately, and the fault should be checked and eliminated before use.

12. When there is a power outage or break during work, the power supply should be cut off and the materials or cages should be lowered to the ground. The switch cabinet should be locked when leaving the site.

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